Intermittent Explosive Disorder: When Anger Becomes Destructive

Last updated by Lauren Hart

Intense anger outbursts, disproportionate verbal and physical aggression… These are all signs that may indicate intermittent explosive disorder (IED). I know what I’m talking about because someone in my family has it. For a long time, I struggled to understand their explosive anger reactions. I think they themselves didn’t know why they reacted that way… until they were diagnosed. Let me explain.

Intermittent Explosive Disorder: When Anger Becomes Destructive

Why do I feel like exploding?

Anger is not easy to manage, whether you’re experiencing it or on the receiving end. But when it becomes exacerbated, with verbal or aggressive reactions, it’s even worse 😥. If you’ve ever noticed someone in your circle reacting with disproportionate anger, they might be dealing with intermittent explosive disorder (IED).

What causes someone to react this way? Unfortunately, there’s no specific cause 😕. A study by Coccaro et al. and McElroy revealed a strong emotional instability, often co-occurring with mood disorders. In other words, IED can stem from a mental health condition that prevents the brain from properly regulating emotions. However, researchers also point to genetic and environmental factors.

Did You Know?

Men are more affected, with 5-7% compared to 2-3% in women. This difference can partly be explained by gender norms. Women tend to internalize their emotions, while men “explode” and act impulsively 😅.

👋 You might find this article interesting: You're allowed to get angry at the office

How to know if you have Intermittent Explosive Disorder?

To determine if you have intermittent explosive disorder (IED), you need to refer to the diagnostic criteria established by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) 📘. Here are the main criteria:

  • ▶️ Recurrent and disproportionate anger outbursts: The person experiences frequent episodes of losing control over their aggressive behavior, which is not proportional to the triggering situation 😡.
  • ▶️ Verbal or physical aggression: During these episodes, the person may yell, insult, threaten, hit, or break objects...
  • ▶️ Negative consequences: These anger episodes have a significant negative impact on interpersonal relationships, work, studies, or other important areas of functioning...
  • ▶️ Frequency and intensity: To make a diagnosis, there must be at least three episodes of loss of aggressive control over a 12-month period 📅.
  • ▶️ Age of onset: Symptoms must have started before the age of 55. Typically, it begins in adolescence.
  • ▶️ Exclusion of other causes: The anger episodes must not be better explained by another mental disorder (personality disorder, depression, bipolar disorder...), nor caused by substance use or a medical condition 🚫.

Do not self-diagnose ⚠️! Only a psychiatrist can diagnose intermittent explosive disorder after a thorough clinical assessment 👩‍⚕️. This list of criteria can help you understand your behavior or that of someone close to you, but it’s essential to consult a professional to confirm if it’s IED.

👋 You might find this article interesting: How to act around someone with Bipolar

How to manage IED?

Having witnessed IED from the outside, I can testify that it’s both impressive and difficult for loved ones to handle 😔. The anger episodes are so sudden and intense that you quickly feel powerless in the face of them… And I know that the person in my family affected by this has always regretted their outbursts, given the impact they had on their relationships and even their mental health 💔.

That’s why they decided to seek help, and the diagnosis was made. They were quickly directed toward cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is often used to help individuals with IED better manage their anger.

That’s what happened for my family member. Through therapy, they were able to identify the thoughts and beliefs that triggered their outbursts 🤯. More importantly, they learned stress management and relaxation techniques to avoid reaching a boiling point. Treatment also helped, as they were prescribed antidepressants to help the brain process information more effectively.

With appropriate care, it’s possible to better manage anger and significantly improve quality of life and relationships with others, even when it seems impossible.

Editorial Note: Don’t Wait for the Situation to Escalate

Taking care of your mental health is just as important as taking care of your body. If you or someone close to you is dealing with uncontrollable anger episodes, don’t wait for the situation to worsen. Intermittent explosive disorder is not a life sentence, and it’s possible to regain balance with proper support. Don’t hesitate to take the step and contact a psychologist. Everyone deserves to live in harmony with themselves and others.

🤗 Understand yourself, accept yourself, be happy... It starts here and now!
#BornToBeMe

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Article presented by
Lauren, Hart

"Writing is a beautiful means of expression that I cannot do without. It has allowed me to channel my hypersensitivity, plus I love writing about psychology and personal development. For me, self-understanding is the best way to move forward!"

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